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General Reference Collections & Meta-Pages |
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Cognito! (subscription reference site that "combines tens of thousands of articles from major encyclopedias, reference books, magazines, pamphlets and other sources onto a single Web site with fast and easy search tools"; the search feature and acc |
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Funk & Wagnalls Knowledge Center (complete text and some photos from the Funk & Wagnalls Multimedia Encyclopedia, plus other resources, including Reuters News and Music Center; requires free registration) (the |
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Internet Public Library: Ready Reference Collection |
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LincOn! (portal site; "the largest collection of search utilities on the Internet and the only site that uses icon's and logo's as its guide to Websites") (David F. Broer, LincOn.com Inc.) |
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Marist College English Web: Reference & Research Tools for Humanities (Tom Goldpaugh) |
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Oxford English Dictionary Electronic Text Center |
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Reference Desk on the Net (Marylaine Block, St. Ambrose U., Davenport, Iowa) |
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Reference Works for Writing (Chris Coleman, Humber C.) |
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Spider's Web: Reference Resources Page |
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A Web of Morphology ("works on the morphology of various languages around the globe . . . selected both for their theoretical significance and the empirical data that they contain") (Robert Beard, Bucknell U.) |
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English Dictionaries |
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The Alternative Dictionaries ("slang, swear words and other `bad language'" in multiple languages) (Hans-Christian Holm) |
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BritSpeak: (British English from an American perspective; includes a Britspeak dictionary) |
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Dictionaries and Thesauri at U.S. Patent and Trademark Office |
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Jurist: Legal Dictionary |
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List of Dictionaries (extensive collection of online dictionaries and related reference resources; especially good for bilingual dictionaries) (Jürgen Péus) |
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Roots of English: An Etymological Dictionary: (free downloadable software) (Eugene Cotter, Seton Hall U. / AbleMedia) |
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Unofficial Smilie Dictionary |
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Webster's Dictionary (searchable Gopher) |
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Hypertext Webster Gateway Easy to use dictionary. |
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WWW Acronym and Abbreviation Server (searchable database of acronyms and abbreviations) (Peter Flynn) |
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English Thesauruses |
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Acronym Finder (searchable) (Mountain Data Systems) |
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Dictionaries and Thesauri at U.S. Patent and Trademark Office |
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HASSE: Humanities and Social Science Electronic Thesaurus (ESRC, Economic & Social Research Council) |
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Plumb Design Visual Thesaurus (animated, interactive branchways of words; "an exploration of sense relationships within the English language. By clicking on words, you follow a thread of meaning, creating a spatial map of linguistic associations"; requires Java) |
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Rodman Thesaurus |
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Rogets's Thesaurus. 1911 (searchable) |
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Roget's Thesaurus of English Words and Phrases ("new hypertext edition of Roget's Thesaurus, based on the text of the 1911 edition from Project Gutenberg") (Thesaurus.Com) |
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WordNet 1.5 ("an on-line lexical reference system whose design is inspired by current psycholinguistic theories of human lexical memory. English nouns, verbs, adjectives and adverbs are organized into synonym sets, each representing one underlying lexical |
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Foreign Language Dictionaries |
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General & Multiple Language Resources |
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The Alternative Dictionaries ("slang, swear words and other `bad language'" in multiple languages) (Hans-Christian Holm) |
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ECHO--Eurodicautom (online dictionary of "official and technical" vocabulary that translates between the major European languages) (Felix Gaehtgens and Jens Kurlanda) |
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List of Dictionaries (extensive collection of online dictionaries and related reference resources; especially good for bilingual dictionaries) (Jürgen Péus) |
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Logos Dictionary (multilingual dictionary created by professional translators; keyword search returns a usage-example in context from the Wordtheque multilingual text database plus tables of translations into many other languages; includes audio resources and related links) (Logos Group) |
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Acronym & Abbreviation Dictionaries |
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The WorldWideWeb Acronym and Abbreviation Server (Peter Flynn) |
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Chinese |
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Chinese Character Genealogy (Zhongwen Zipu): An Etymological Chinese-English Dictionary (Rick Harbaugh, U. Pittsburgh) |
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Chinese-English Dictionary |
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French |
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Dictionnaire Francais-Anglais |
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English-French Dictionary |
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French-English dictionary |
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HyperSurfing English-French Dictionary (a unique thinking tool consisting of a forms-based word-association engine that acts a bilingual thesaurus; feed it a word or phrase in one language and it returns a list of associated words in the other language; the result page contains in turn a |
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Gaelic |
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Gaelic Dictionaries Online (John T. McCranie) |
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Gaelic - English Dictionary |
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MacFarlane's Gaelic-English Dictionary (U. S. site) |
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German |
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Hungarian |
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Hungarian-English and English-Hungarian dictionary |
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Italian |
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English-to-Italian Dictionary (Tyler Jones) |
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Italian-to-English Dictionary (Tyler Jones) |
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Japanese |
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Jeffrey's Japanese / English Dictionary Gateway (Jeffrey Friedl) |
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Latin |
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The Electronic Thesaurus Linguae Latinae ("the only dictionary to attempt to comprehend the entire Latin language. Its chronological termini reach from the third century B.C. to A.D. 600, including both literary texts and documentary evidence [inscriptions, etc.]") (Consortium fo |
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Latin Dictionaries (bibliography of works in the Stanford U. Green Library; no links to online dictionaries) (John Rawlings, Stanford U.) |
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Medieval Latin Dictionary (Hans Christophersen) |
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Norwegian |
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English-Norwegian Dictionary (freedict.com) |
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Russian |
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Interactive English-Russian Dictionary |
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Russian Dictionary With Sounds and Images ("pictures of animals and foods paired with Cyrillic text and recordings of a native speaker pronouncing the words"; requires Netscape 2.0 and |
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Slang Dictionaries |
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Larry's Aussie Slang and Phrase Dictionary |
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Twists, Slugs and Roscoes: A Glossary of Hardboiled Slang (guide to vocabulary of classic "hardboiled" detection fiction) (William Denton) |
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Swedish |
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Skolverket's Swedish-English dictionary |
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Encyclopedias & Biographical Dictionaries |
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Biography.com (A&E Television Networks) |
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Britannica Online (7-day free trial) |
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Britiannia Internet Magazine: Biographies (brief bios of famous British people in history) |
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Encyclopedia Arabica (Centre d' Information Arabe Scandinave) |
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Funk & Wagnalls Knowledge Center (complete text and some photos from the Funk & Wagnalls Multimedia Encyclopedia, plus other resources, including Reuters News and Music Center; requires free registration) (the |
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Notable Citizens of Planet Earth (Biographical Dictionary) |
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Quotations |
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Bartlett, John. 1901. Familiar Quotations (searchable) (Bartleby Library) |
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Dictionary of Phrase and Fable, by E. Cobham Brewer (1898) (Bartleby.com) |
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LoQtus (quotations resources on the Internet) (Jason Newquist / Jeff Shepherd) |
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Quotes, by Subject |
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Scholarly Reference Resources |
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Corbel Dictionary of Architectural Terms (Cameron Newham) |
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Dissertations |
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Electronic Theses and Dissertations in the Humanities: A Directory of Online References and Resources (Matthew G. Kirschenbaum, U. Kentucky) |
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Edward A. Fox, et al. (Virginia Tech U.) "National Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations: A Scalable and Sustainable Approach to Unlock University Resources" (1996) (D-Lib Magazine) |
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Matthew G. Kirschenbaum U. Maryland, College Park) "Electronic Publishing and Doctoral Dissertations in the Humanities" (1996) |
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Katherine S. Mangan, "CD-ROM Dissertations: Universities Consider Whether New Format is Appropriate Way to Present Research" (1996) (Chronicle of Higher Education) |
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UMI Dissertation Abstracts International Database (gopher) |
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Ecila: Internet Search Engine for French Resources ("searches the keywords you specify in a database of documents, all of which are located in France . . . returns a list of URLs found and a short summary of the content of each page") |
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Glossary of Literary and Rhetorical Terms (from U. Victoria English Dept.'s Writer's Guide) |
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Glossary of Poetic Terms (includes links to examples) (Robert G. Shubinski) |
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A Glossary of Rhetorical Terms with Examples (U. Kentucky, Lexington) |
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Grove Dictionary of Art ("instant access to award winning scholarship in 41,000 articles on the art and culture of Asia, Africa, Europe, the Americas and the Pacific, with links to images and further information in museum and other art-related web sites"; require |
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James L. Harner (Texas A&M U.), Literary Research Guide (support page for the book published by the MLA; includes information about the book and revisions to the 3rd edition) |
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The Literary Dictionary ("words that first made an appearance in books, plays, poems, comic strips and mythology") (Holly Koslow) |
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The Literary Link for Writing and Submitting Essays (includes links to resources on close reading, critical reading, imagery, use of quotations, writing critical essays, style, etc.) (Janice Patten, San Jose State U.) |
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Roots of English: An Etymological Dictionary: (free downloadable software) (Eugene Cotter, Seton Hall U. / AbleMedia) |
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Guides To Evaluating Internet Resources |
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Nicole Auer (Virginia Polytechnic Institute), "Bibliography on Evaluating Internet Resources" (extensive compilation with links to online resources) |
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Evaluating Web Resources ("strategy for teaching critical evaluation skills for WWW resources") (Jan Alexander & Marsha Tate, Widener U.) |
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Esther Grassian (UCLA College Library), "Thinking Critically about World Wide Web Resources" |
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Internet Literacy: Using the WWW as a Source of Information (Dell Campbell, U. Southern Queensland, Australia) |
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(See also Information Literacy on Cyberculture page) |
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James Rettig (College of William and Mary), "Beyond 'Cool': Analog Models for Reviewing Digital Resources" (1996) (Online Magazine) |
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Hope N. Tillman (Director of Libraries, Babson C., Massachusetts), "Evaluating Quality on the Net" |
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Understanding and Comparing Web Search Tools (Karen Campbell / Bush Library, Hamline U.) |
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Guides To Critical Thinking & Argument |
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The Argument Clinic ("We examine arguments. If you've got an argument you'd like us to look at, type it into the space below or e-mail a copy to the waiting room") (U. Northern Colorado Philosophy Dept.) |
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Arguments and Their Evaluation (guide, defninitions, examples of sound reasoning) (T.K. Trelogan, U. Northern Colorado Philosophy Dept.) |
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Critical Thinking Core Concepts (guide to logic, informal reasoning, argumentation, and "critical thinking") (Critical Thinking Across the Curriculum Project, Longview Community C., Missouri) |
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Identifying the Argument of an Essay (online tutorial in critical reasoning) (Frank Edler (Metropolitan Community C., Omaha, Nebraska) |
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The Literary Link for Writing and Submitting Essays (includes links to resources on close reading, critical reading, imagery, use of quotations, writing critical essays, style, etc.) (Janice Patten, San Jose State U.) |
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Logic & Fallacies (in English and Spanish) (The Atheism Web) |
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Statistics Every Writer Should Know (guide to use and interpretation of statistics for the generalist) (Robert Niles) |
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Writing the Research Paper (collection of guidelines developed for a composition course) (George Brosi / Joe Pellegrino, Eastern Kentucky U.) |
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Style & Grammar Guides (Including Bibliographic, Style, And Manuscript-Preparation Guides For Online Resources) |
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Chorus - Exploring New Media in the Arts & Humanities |
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Homepage ("software reviews, original research, bibliographies, annotated link collections and Shockwave demonstrations" on the use of new media in the humanities; this is the reopened version of the site originally founded by Todd Blayone) |
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Selected Resources: |
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Electronic Research (includes info on bibliographical management programs) (John Norman, Ohio State U. / Chorus) |
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Information Management (Sean Fosmire / Chorus) |
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Frequently Asked Questions about English (extensive archive of postings to alt.usage.english by John Lawler, Linguistics, U. Michigan, Ann Arbor) |
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Grammar and Style Notes (excellent hypertext guide to writing) (Jack Lynch, Rutgers U.) |
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The Grammar and Writing Page: A Guide to Grammar and Writing (includes computer-graded quizzes) (Charles Darling, Capital Community-Technical C., Hartford, Connecticut) |
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A Guide for Writing Research Papers based on Modern Language Association (MLA) Documentation (Humanities Dept. & the Arthur C. Banks, Jr., Library, Capital Community-Technical C., Hartford, Connecticut) |
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A Guide for Writing Research Papers Based on Styles Recommended by the American Psychological Assoc. (Patricia S. Burgess / Humanities Dept. & the Arthur C. Banks, Jr., Library, Capital Community-Technical C., Hartford, Connecticut) |
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Guide to Citing Government Information Sources (Montana State U.) |
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A Guide to Doing the Research Paper (Paul Brians, Washington State U.) |
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Jargon File 3.0.0 - The Ultimate Index (remarkable hypertext glossary of slang, jargon, and techspeak) (Chris Blum) |
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Keith Ivey's English Usage Page |
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List of Homophones |
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Mindy McAdams, "Magazine Copy Editing" (course; includes links to resources) |
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MIT Handbook on Common Grammar, Usage, and Spelling Problems |
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NASA Research Publishing and Printing Branch |
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Homepage (guides to writing style, technical editing, and document preparation) |
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Capitalization |
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Punctuation (nice little hypertext guide to the rules of punctuation, with examples) |
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North Carolina State U. Online Writing Lab: Grammar Hotline (English Dept. faculty with professional editing experience answer questions by e-mail about specific writing problems and provide help with the structure of individual sentences) |
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On-Line English Grammar (full-featured grammar handbook) (Anthony Hughes, Edunet International) |
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William Strunk, The Elements of Style (1918) (Bartleby Library) |
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Style Guides Relating To Online Publications Or References |
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Bibliographical Management and Note-Taking (Willard McCarty / Chorus) |
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Citation Style for Internet Sources (Mark Wainwright) |
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Electronic Research (includes info on bibliographical management programs) (John Norman, Ohio State U. / Chorus) |
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Andrew Harnack & Gene Kleppinger (Eastern Kentucky U.), |
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Style Sheet (MLA-Style Guidelines and Models for Documenting Internet Sources)
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MLA Guidelines for Electronic Scholarly Editions (Modern Language Assoc.) |
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Janice R. Walker, (U. South Florida), MLA-Style Citations of Electronic Sources (Endorsed by the Alliance for Computers & Writing) |
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Web Extension to American Psychological Association Style ("Proposed standard for referencing online documents in scientific publications"; revision 1.1) (NYU Psychology Dept.) |
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U. Illinois Writing Center's Handbook (gopher guidebook on bibliographical style and grammar) |
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U. Victoria English Dept.'s Writer's Guide (excellent hypertext guide to the form and style of critical-essay writing; includes glossary of literary and rhetorical terms) |
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A Web of On-Line Grammars ("on-line grammars of as many languages as can be found on the Web [including] . . . reference grammars, learning grammars, and historical grammars") (Robert Beard, Bucknell U.) |
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World Wide Words (Michael Quinion's Language Pages) (short articles and commentary on "turns of phrase," "topical words," "weird words," etc. on a changing daily or weekly basis; also includes notes and articles on usage, phonetics, the English language) |
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Your Guide to Prepositions (for-sale program Windows 3.x and Windows 95; "helps you find the right preposition instantly") (Charles Prieur & Elizabeth Champion-Speyer) |
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Phone & E-Mail Address Directories |
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411 Locate (Ultimate Technologies, Inc.) |
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Ahoy! The Homepage Finder (Jonathan Shakes, Marc Langheinrich, Oren Etzioni) |
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AT&T 800-Number Directory |
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Bigfoot Global E-Mail Directory (Bigfoot Partners L. P.) |
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FAQ: How to Find People's E-mail Addresses (Jonathan I. Kamens, David Lamb) |
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Finding an E-Mail Address (good collection of links and info) (Masha Boitchouk, U. North Carolina, Chapel Hill) |
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Four11 White Page Directory (Four11 Corp.) |
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GeoCities (search listings to "locate any business or location" the U. S.) |
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International Dialing Codes |
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Internet 800 Number Directory (searchable) |
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Switchboard (find names, addresses, and phone numbers of people and businesses) (Switchboard, Inc.) |
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WED - World E-Mail Directory (De Postel BV,WED) |
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World Telephone Area Codes |
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Yahoo! People Search (powerful means of searching for addresses, phones, e-mail addresses, and/or home pages of people in the U. S.; search can be initiated on the basis of as little information as a last name; includes a form for requesting that display of one's pers |
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Mail Address, Street Map, & Postal Information |
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BigBook Map (generate street-level U. S. maps) (BigBook, Inc.) |
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DeLorme CyberAtlas (generates maps by zipcode area) (DeLorme) |
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Federal Express (includes interactive package-tracking feature) |
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GeoCities GeoViewer (site generates and zooms in on any street location in the U. S., then places an "X" on the spot) |
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Internet Address Finder (DoubleClick, Inc.) |
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MapBlast ("create your own free, interactive [street] map"; once map is created, controls allow user to walk the map in different compass directions) (Vicinity Corp.) |
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MapQuest (maps and driving instructions from point to point) (GeoSystems Global Corp.) |
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U. S. Postal Rates (Pitney Bowes) |
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U. S. Postal Service Address and ZIP Code Information |
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Yahoo! Maps (maps of street addresses in the U.S.) |
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Zip Codes (searchable) |
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Atlases & Geographical Resources |
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An Incomplete Collection of World Flags (Christopher J. S. Vance) |
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Association of Research Libraries Electronic Atlas |
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Atlas of the World (Atlapedia Online) |
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AVIS Galaxy - Maps (U. S. maps) |
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Geographic Information Systems (metapage of geography-related resources) (U. Michigan Engineering Library) |
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How Far Is It? (calculates the distance between two sites, mainly in U. S.) (Darrell Kindred) |
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TIGER Mapping Service ("public resource for generating high-quality detailed maps of anywhere in the U. S.") (U. S. Census Bureau) |
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Calendars & Time |
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Brittanica Birthday Calendar Page (specify a date and receive short bios of famous people born then) |
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Calenders: Past, Present, & Future (generates monthly or yearly calendars at your request; e.g., you can request a calendar for 1798 or 1998) |
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Chinese Calendar (CND International) |
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Ecclesiastical Calendar: Enter a Year... (calculates moveable feast days) (Marcos J. Montes) |
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Ian's English Calendar (dating resource for students of English history and literature: "converts between old and new style dates, calculates day of the week, British regnal years, and the date of Easter and other moveable religious holidays") (Ian McInnes, Albi |
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Java Clock (shows your local time) (Steffen Thorsen) |
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Local Times Around the World |
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Perpetual Calendar (Steffen Thorsen) |
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Timex World Time (image-map reference of local times and web sites around the world) (VIBE Magazine) |
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Today's Calendar and Clock Page (extensive links and resources related to dates and times) (Will Linden) |
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World Clock (Steffen Thorsen) |
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Currency Rates |
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Foreign Currency Exchanges Rates - Federal Reserve Bank of New York |
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The GNN/Koblas Currency Converter |
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Other |
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Encyclopedia of CD-ROMs (Global Impact) |
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Etymology of First Names ("meaning and history of common first names") (Mike Campbell) |
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IRS - The Digital Daily (the IRS site; includes U. S. tax forms and publications that can be downloaded in a variety of laser-printable formats, including PCL, Postscript, and SGML; forms come from a FTP server in self-decompressing .exe files) |
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Morse Code and the Phonetic Alphabets (Steven Phillips) |
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Recipes |
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U.S. Copyright Info |
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World Population |
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